Research by Myriam Mariani and Karin Hoisl calls for actions to ensure equal wages for equally performing or skilled employees and to encourage female students to engage in scientific studies, as females are only 4.2 percent of inventors. In industrial research, females only represent 4.2 percent of all inventors, and earn about 14 percent less than their male peers, even after taking into account possible differences in jobs, potential parenthoo...